solved HI, I NEED 2-3 PARAGRAPH RESPONSES ANSWERING THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

HI, I NEED 2-3 PARAGRAPH RESPONSES ANSWERING THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS PLEASE, THANK YOU IN ADVANCE:How does dehumanization help turn ordinary people into “killing and torture machines”?Imagine if you had been a soldier in the 232nd Regiment of the 39th Division from Hiroshima. What would you have done?The Rape of Nanking: A Report on DehumanizationFor Americans, World War II began with the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. For the Chinese, the war began with the Japanese attack on Manchuria in 1931. One of the most infamous events of the Japanese invasion is recounted by Iris Chang in The Rape of Nanking. The takeover of the city of Nanking, the capital of China, was followed by a 7-week orgy of barbarity, so ferocious and cruel that it horrified even Nazi observers, During these 7 weeks, the soldiers slaughtered about 250,000 people and raped between 20,000 and 80,000 girls and women. They roasted some people alive and hung other by their tongues on iron hooks.Who were the men who did these things?The answer is that they were ordinary young men. If these men hadn’t been in the war, called by their country to be soldiers, they would have been in college, studying mathematics and sociology, learning to become dentists, doctors, and businessmen. But as soldiers, they had been trained—purposefully and with full intent—to become ruthless, uncaring, and barbarically bloodthirsty. The Japanese military had turned ordinary men into sadistic killers and rapists, thugs who took lives as easily as you and I would snuff out the life of an ant beneath our feet.Iris Chang (1977) wrote a remarkable book about these events. She traces how ordinary men learned to dehumanize the Chinese. One of the ways the Japanese military hardened these young men was to make killing a game. This helped to replace their ordinary feelings, creating a new framework for being brutal. An example is the killing contest that the military held as they were on their way to Nanking. Here is how a major newspaper in Japan, the Japan Advertiser, reported the killing contest in an article titled “Sub-Lieutenants in Race to Fell 100 Chinese Running Close Contest.” This photo was taken in 1937 during the Nanking Massacre, also known as the Rape of Nanking. The text explains how killing contests became sporting events.Sub-Lieutenant Mukai Toshiaki and Sub-Lieutenant Noda Takeshi, both of the Katagiri unit at Kuyung, in a friendly contest to see which of them will first fell 100 Chinese in individual sword combat before the Japanese forces completely occupy Nanking, are well in the final phase of their race, running almost neck to neck. On Sunday [December 5] … the “score,” according to the Asahi, was: Sub-Lieutenant Mukai, 89, and Sub-Lieutenant Noda, 78.You can see how killing had become like a sports contest: Bulls 89, Lakers 78. The Japan Advertiser continued to update the public on this contest. The goal had been to see who could be the first to cut off the heads of 100 Chinese, but somehow the two men lost count, and they decided to up the goal to 150 heads.Were these really ordinary men? you might ask. The soldiers who killed and raped didn’t start like this. Chang reports that Japanese officers always found that their recruits to be shocked at the killing and torture of civilians. How did the men change?One way was telling the recruits that killing as a test of courage. For their Emperor and the Motherland, they had to overcome the feelings that belong to civilians and live up to the test of courage required of Japanese soldiers. And they did.Japanese officers brought recruits to the detention centers where Chinese prisoners were held. They told the men that these were the raw materials for their coming test of courage. The officers would illustrate the proper way to cut off heads, how to swing a sword so the head would be severed in one blow. Then would come the test, when the raw soldiers would be told to put into practice what they had been observing. By now, they had seen head after head separated from its body, and they had mentally and physically practiced the sweeping movement hundreds of times. But now there was a real person before them—but really no longer a person in their minds, for this person had been transformed into raw material for the test of courage. And they passed the test. To do less would have brought disgrace before their officers, and before their peers as well. In just one—graceful—swoop of the sword, from the proper angle, the head would become a stranger to its body, a swoop, properly done, that would bring praise and approval from both officers and fellow soldiers. Here is a Japanese solder’s account of “the test of courage”: On the final day, we were taken out to the site of our trial. Twenty-four (blindfolded) prisoners were squatting there with their hands tied behind their backs….The regimental commander, the battalion commanders, and the company commanders all took the seats arranged for them. Second Lieutenant Tanaka bowed to the regimental commander and reported, “We shall now begin.”…” Heads should be cut off like this,” he said, unsheathing his army sword. He scooped water from a bucket with a dipper, then poured it over both sides of the blade. Swishing off the water, he raised his sword in a long arc. Standing behind (one of the prisoners), Tanaka steadied himself, legs spread apart, and cut off the man’s head with a shout, “Yo!” The head flew more than a meter away. Blood spurted up in two fountains from the body…The lessons were learned well. Many years after the war, an ordinary man said that he saw fellow soldiers toss babies into the air and catch them on their bayonets, throw babies into pots of boiling water, and gang rape twelve-year-olds, killing them when they were no longer useful for sex. He said that he himself had killed more than 200 people. Some he beheaded, others he burned alive, and still others he threw into pits and buried alive.An ordinary man? Yes. After the war, he became a responsible citizen, a family man, and a kindly doctor who took good care of his patents.This is dehumanization. And it is powerful.