solved Discussion #2: For this discussion, we are going to look

Discussion #2: For this discussion, we are going to look at the validity of the police checkpoint and due process rights.  Presently, police agencies utilize the checkpoint as a tool of aggressive patrolling. Checkpoints require a motorist to enter and submit to an investigative process, looking for a violation of law both obvious and unknown (wanted on warrant for example). Violations may include intoxicated drivers, seatbelt violations and other driving and equipment/registration violations. Officers are required to follow a strict protocol on the way they employ the checkpoint, and minimize the stress and discomfort to the parties in the vehicle, as well as following the legal mandates. But, is the checkpoint a violation of the due process protections? Do they violate Search and Seizure requirements of the Fourth Amendment? This is what you will discuss in your response. Make sure to defend your position by referencing the different components of searches and seizures; When are warrants necessary, the Exclusionary Rule, Exigent circumstances, and so on. Refer to the legal components outlined in Ch. 5 in your response.
Hello After you finish with the topic of the discussion board, I want you to reply on this with 150 words:
The checkpoint is not a violation of due process protection as the fourth Amendment outlines. The police’s actions recently at the checkpoint violate the search and seizure requirements the Fourth Amendment provides. The fourth Amendment of the U.S Structure dictates that individuals’ privilege to be safe in their credentials, houses, personnel, and properties against arbitrary seizures and quests shall not be violated (Kerr, 2017). The fourth Amendment continues and provides that no Warranties shall issue, but upon credible reason evidenced by confirmation or Vow, and mainly unfolding the particular place the place can search and the specific things and persons the police can seize.
However, the Fourth Amendment does not guarantee against all seizures and searches at the checkpoint, but only particular ones that are believed arbitrary under the law. There are two fundamental components of the search and attacks that the police have to meet before implementing any action relating to search and seizure at the checkpoint. The police officer must show authority, including weapons and handcuffs, and secondly, the person being seized should submit to the control (McGlynn, 2017). However, the police officers’ aggressive patrolling at the checkpoint indicates forceful language and physical contact, which are strong indicators of authority that are against the Fourth Amendment requirements.
On the Warrant issue, it can be said that police validity at the checkpoint, the police officer must meet four primary requirements, including filing the warrant in good faith, reliable information on warranty indicating a probable cause to search. The other two requirements include that the warranty must be from a detached and neutral magistrate, and finally, the warrant should show the particular place and things the police officers can search and seize. Failure to follow the strict protocol outlined in the Fourth Amendment concerning search seizes and warrant issue is a severe violation of the law under the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution. 
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The Fourth Amendment outlaws unreasonable search and seizure by law enforcement authorities, which is what police checkpoints are supposedly predicated upon. Previous Supreme Court guidelines have placed emphasis on the need for probable cause of involvement in illegal activity by a driver before a checkpoint search is made (Wood, 2018). There are specific guidelines that should be followed in setting up and operating a checkpoint by the police but which are not easily fully enforceable in practice. These include placing the responsibility for choosing the site and procedure for a checkpoint on supervisory personnel and nor field officers, exercise of good judgement by the police and prior announcement of the checkpoint procedure (Hawkins, 2018). These ensure that checkpoints do not violate due protections and uphold search and seizure guidelines.
The major point of contention in interpreting the Fourth Amendment in the context of police checkpoints is whether its two clauses should be read together or independently (Wood, 2018). When read together, ‘reasonable’ searches and seizures are those which fulfill the requirements stated in the second clause. Read independently, the clauses may imply that there are ‘reasonable’ searches and seizures that do not necessarily comply with the second clause (Hawkins, 2017).
The use of checkpoints is necessary under certain contexts in order to fulfill the due process of the law. A Fourth Amendment violation may arise when the purpose and procedure of the checkpoint is not clearly specified and based on objective legal grounds (Soree, 2018). Moreover, the screening strategies must be neutral and avoid biased singling out of drivers for screening based on such factors as race, gender or age. The checkpoint will be fully constitutional if the required legal guidelines are followed. When fully compliant with the law, police checkpoints are not only constitutional but also necessary as a process of maintaining public safety. 

Question 1
Criminal Investigations are an integral part of any arrest and successful prosecution of a suspect. The book discusses six objectives for criminal investigations. Name the six, and give a short example for each. In addition, what is the “premise” identified by the criminal investigations field, and what does it mean?
Question 2
Throughout the investigation process, Criminal Investigators draws conclusions based on the evidence at hand. Two types of conclusions are identified as types of “reasoning” that results in the conclusion. Name the two types, and explain using an example of each type of reasoning:
Question 3
Discuss what is known as the CSI Effect on the Sciences that go into Criminal Investigations-both positive and negative. Identify three examples for each, and give a final statement whether you feel the effect is positive or negative (based on your above information):
Question 4
Criminal Investigators obtain various types of evidence while performing their duties. Six types of evidences are identified in the text. Name each type, and give an example for each:
Question 5
When securing a scene, the officer on scene will perform five actions to be completed while waiting for the criminal investigator. Name the five discussed in the text, and give a short 1-2 sentence explanation for each. Finally, name three results that could occur as a result of an unsecured scene:
Question 6
Name the four basic search patterns used when searching a crime scene, explain briefly (1-2 sentences) how each work, and identify where each type of search would be best used.
Question 7
Name the four methods of recording a crime scene, identify what sense(s) are used during this process, and give one pro and one con for each method. Also answer, which is the BEST method to record a crime scene?

Question 8
Field notes are an integral part of the field investigation, yet officers often fail to take complete notes that can be important in the future. Name the seven pieces of information discussed in the text that should be included in all field notes:
Question 9
What is a fingerprint? Why are fingerprints left at a crime scene so important? Name the three types of fingerprints that can be left at a scene, and give an example of each:
Question 10
Define the Daubert Standard for the admissibility of evidence in court. What two tests must be met for evidence to be admitted (name them and describe)?