solved FIRST REPLY Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â

FIRST REPLY         
When providing health promotion services to a rural issue it is important to be not only knowledgeable of the culture but respectful too. Raingruber (2017) discusses how health is perceived differently in rural communities. If you are not on medications and you do not have any diseases preventing you to work you are often thought of being in good health by rural residents. Defining health for people living in rural communities can help save their lives. Prognosis for cancer is worse in rural communities not just because there is limited access to screenings but because people are unaware of the warning signs and what to look out for regarding cancer symptoms (“Addressing Health Disparities in Rural Communities,” 2021).  The ability to work and contribute is very important to people in rural communities so healthcare providers should keep that in mind when providing health promotion services (Raingruber, 2017). Time of day to offer the service is imperative to focus on. During the work day would not be wise if you want to reach people in this particular population but offering the health promotion services in the early morning or late-night hours may be more successful to reach them. Faith is important to people in rural communities so offering services on Sunday would not be perceived well because that is often the day reserved for worship and attending church. Respecting and understanding the rural culture is key to being successful in providing health promotion services to rural health issues.
Addressing the issue of obesity is important to healthcare providers because of the different diseases that develop due to the extra weight people carry. When reaching out to rural populations, socioeconomic status must be considered. Obese people in these rural communities will not be receptive to programs and nursing interventions that are expensive because they cannot afford it. McClintock-Donahue (2019) explained the importance of recognizing cost and transportation when implementing a weight loss program in rural communities. Eliminating any unnecessary weight loss medications is beneficial because prescribed drugs are expensive, especially if you have limited insurance. Low-cost mobile phone interventions are effective in weight loss programs. When focusing on diet it is important to promote foods that are not only healthy but affordable if you want obese people in rural populations to incorporate them in their diet. It is important to recognize socioeconomic status of rural populations when providing nursing services to best meet their needs.
References
Addressing health disparities in rural communities. (2021). Journal of Oncology Navigation & Survivorship, 12(3), 95–96.
McClintock-Donahue, A. (2019). Non-pharmacological weight loss program in a rural community: Feasibility study. Online Journal of Rural Nursing & Health Care, 19(2), 65–97. https://doi-org./10.14574/ojrnhc.v19i2.516
Raingruber, B. (2017). Contemporary health promotion in nursing practice (2nd ed.) Jones & Bartlett Learning.    
SECOND REPLY         
  Patient-Centered Care Approach for Rural Health Issues
The wellbeing of a population could be examined in several different ways based on indicators that replicate morbidity, lifestyle behaviors, overall health, mortality, and other health-linked risk aspects. However, numerous health difficulties such as cardiovascular diseases are more prevalent in rural settings. Low-income, rural families are excessively affected by health challenges due to individual obstacles and structural limitations such as transportation (Mammen et al, 2019). Rural patients are often required to endure long distances for their care and are unwilling to sacrifice time off from their duties. Consequently, the rural patients’ mostly have difficulty receiving care resulting in a sicker patient and a more complex condition. According to Coke and Hayman (2020), individuals who reside in rural settings across the US have a higher likelihood to prematurely die from the major causes of death including cardiovascular diseases. Health promotion has is associated with improved patient outcomes. A patient-centered strategy to curb a health issue such as cardiovascular disease would be the utilization of telehealth in rural settings. It could also aid minimize barriers and cater to individuals who reside long distances from specialists or who face mobility and transportation issues. Besides, technological devices such as remote monitoring can help heart failure patients who must travel distances and could be vital in reducing mortality, especially in rural patients.
Cultural and Socioeconomic Status Impact on Health Services
Individuals in lower socioeconomic status have greater levels of financial and job insecurity; experience more work unemployment, work injuries, and lack of control. These factors make them more susceptible to several health conditions. Additionally, cardiovascular disease mortality levels have been shown to be greater between individuals and regions with
lower socioeconomic status. It implies more nurse workloads and additional hospital expenses to manage the higher patient numbers. Several studies suggest that adults from rural areas had nearly double the prevalence of diabetes compared to their privileged counterparts (Long et al, 2019). For instance, some rural communities believe in the continuous consumption of restricted meals. Besides, certain cultural aspects in rural areas adversely affect medication adherence.
References
Coke, L. A., & Hayman, L. L. (2020). Rural Health: The Continuing Challenge to Promote Cardiovascular Health. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 35(5), E11-E14.
Long, A. S., Hanlon, A. L., & Pellegrin, K. L. (2018). Socioeconomic variables explain rural disparities in US mortality rates: Implications for rural health research and policy. SSM-population health, 6, 72-74.
Mammen, Sheila, Yoshie Sano, Bonnie Braun, and Elisabeth Fost Maring. “Shaping core health messages: Rural, low-income mothers speak through participatory action research.” Health communication 34, no. 10 (2019): 1141-1149   
THIRD REPLY      
Patient-centered care approach is important when providing health promotion services to a rural health issue. In patient-centered care, an individual’s specific health needs and desired health outcomes are the driving force behind all health care decisions and quality measurements (Chattu & Kumar, 2018). A helpful approach would be customized care. Patient based care should be customized according to the patient’s medical needs. When looking at a patient as an individual, it is important to keep in mind that everyone is different and does not respond the same to treatment as other individuals would. Patient centered care should take into consideration several factors regarding the patient. For example, the environment of the patient is important, as well as their socioeconomic status, the patient’s background such as their race and ethnicity is also important. Keeping all this information in mind, will help the healthcare professional develop a care plan that is patient centered to ensure the best care. Worldwide, patient-centered care is acknowledged as an effective approach for providing high-quality care across primary, acute, and long term care settings (Sidani & van Soeren, 2017). 
Cultural and socioeconomic status of the rural communities affect provision of nursing health services. It is said that individuals from a lower socioeconomic environment are exposed to fewer health resources. Another factor is that most lower socioeconomic communities do not have availability to proper nutrition options within the community. High crime rate and violence is more prevalent in a lower socioeconomic community, which brings the population to more stress related illnesses. Previous studies have found that residents of deprived neighborhoods have an increased risk of perceived stress compared to residents with similar sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics in non-deprived neighborhoods (Algren & Andersen, 2018). 
References
Algren, M. H., & Andersen, P. T. (2018). Associations between perceived stress, socioeconomic status, and health-risk behaviour in deprived neighbourhoods in Denmark: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5170-x
Chattu, V., & Kumar, R. (2018). What is in the name? Understanding terminologies of patient-centered, person-centered, and patient-directed care! Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 7(3), 487. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_61_18
Sidani, S., & van Soeren, M. (2017). Exploring Differences in Patient-Centered Practices among Healthcare Professionals in Acute Care Settings. Health Communication, 33(6), 716–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2017.1306476