solved I’m working on a art practice test / quiz and

I’m working on a art practice test / quiz and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.

Following the Eightfold Path to attain enlightenment, or Nirvana, is a central tenet of __________.ShintoBuddhismHinduismDaoismOne of the tragedies of looting cultural objects from places like Koh Ker, in Cambodia, is _________.Group of answer choicesmuseums won’t buy themthey are too heavy to shipwe can’t identify the objectswe can’t bring the pedestalsBuddhist stupas are oriented toward the four cardinal directions. These represent _________.Group of answer choicesthe four sacred rivers in Indiainternational trade routesthe Buddha’s lifethe four palace gatesThe domed shape of a stupa represents_________.Group of answer choiceseternal realm of deceased ancestorsharmonious forms of naturea person seated in meditationspiritual love of the divineA person who delays achieving enlightenment in order to instruct others on Earth is called a __________.Group of answer choicespilgrimVedicbodhisattvaDaoistThe pose of the Bodhisattva from Gandhara shows an awareness of __________.Group of answer choicesJapanese realismArchaic Greek scuptureClassical contrappostoGothic stylizationIn the Standing Buddha, the Buddha’s enlightenment is symbolized by his __________.Group of answer choiceselongated earlobesexpensive jewelrysimple monk’s garmenttopknotIn the Hindu sculpture, Shiva as Lord of the Dance, Shiva represents __________.Group of answer choicescyclic timeveneration of ancestorsthe power of the rulerenlightenmentAt the Kandarya Mahadeva Temple, spiritual unity with the divine is expressed by the __________.Group of answer choicesenergy of natural elementssacred form of the stupaerotic scenes carved in reliefstories of the journey to NirvanaThe best place to study ancient Chinese architecture is in__________.Group of answer choicesShanghaiBeijingKyotoBorobudurAfter 800 BCE, the influence of Buddhism and Hinduism spread due to __________.Group of answer choicespopular burial practicesRoman conquestthe Mongol invasiontraders and merchantsConfucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism influenced the art and culture of __________.Group of answer choicesJapanIndiaChinaSoutheast AsiaChinese ritual vessels include images of a monster with wings, claws, and horns called a __________.Group of answer choicesbodhisattvataotie maskqigarba grihaThe individualized features of the Terra Cotta Warriors of Qin can be described as_________.Group of answer choicesnaturalisticstylizedabstractIdealizedIn Chinese culture, the “inner life force,” or spirit that animates all things, is called __________.Group of answer choicesqigarba grihaNirvanaukiyo-eIn contrast with the monumental painting style of Northern Song painter Fan Kuan, the style of Southern Song painter Ma Yuan is_________.Group of answer choicesphilosophicalabstractrealisticintimateIn Travelers Among Mountains and Streams, Fan Kuan used the small scale of human figures to symbolize the __________.Group of answer choicesEightfold Path to Nirvanaamateur status of literati painterspleasurable aspects of ukiyo-e scenesvastness of natureAfter the conquest of China by the Mongols, artists who refused to work for the new government created __________.Group of answer choicestaotie masksukiyo-e printsrelief sculptureliterati paintingWhich of the following artworks demonstrates the Confucian principle of respecting the past?Group of answer choicesthe Terra Cotta WarriorsTawaraya Sotatsu’s Waves at MatsushimaQiu Ying’s Fisherman’s Flute Heard Over the LakeThe Approach of KrishnaBada Shanren’s Cicada on a Banana Leaf exemplifies the style of __________.Group of answer choicesJapanese ukiyo-e printsChinese literati paintingSoutheast Asian Hindu paintingKorean book illustrationBecause it was the only color that could survive the higher temperature, early examples of Chinese porcelain are decorated in __________.Group of answer choiceswhiteblackblueredThe indigenous religion of Japan that worships nature and ancestors is called __________. Group of answer choicesShintoDaoismConfucianismZen BuddhismAt the Shrine at Ise, surfaces are left unpainted to symbolize __________.Group of answer choicesrebirthenlightenmentqipurityAncient Chinese and Japanese Buddhist architecture is exemplified by the design of __________.Group of answer choicesAngkor WatBorobudurthe Great Stupa at SanchiHoryuji TempleKatsura Detached Palace connects human-made elements with nature by using __________.Group of answer choicessliding screens as wallsa bracketing systemthe symbolic form of the stupamulti-storied pagodasAt the temple complex of Horyuji, the Buddha statues are kept in the __________.Group of answer choicespagodastupagarba grihakondoUnkei’s Muchaku exemplifies Japanese art’s characteristic use of __________.Group of answer choicesVedic symbolismvivid realismstylizationrelief sculptureThe Zen Buddhist priest Sesshu painted in a style called haboku, which means __________.Group of answer choices“abstract forms”“poetry”“raindrops”“flung ink”Tawaraya Sotatsu’s Waves at Matsushima is an example of a __________.Group of answer choiceshandscrollbook illustrationliterati paintingfolding screenJapanese ukiyo-e prints depicted __________.Group of answer choicespoetic landscapesthe ruler and his courtthe everyday worldhistoric battlesWhat activity do believers participate in at the Great Stupa at Sanchi?Group of answer choicessurrounding it to form prayer circleswalking around it in meditationentering it to hold spiritual readingsentering it to perform ritual sacrificesWhat two structures influenced the design of the Buddhist pagoda?Group of answer choicesburial mounds and defensive wallsthe Indian stupa and Chinese watchtowerGreek and Romans templespalace gardens and domestic architectureWhat function does the Womb Chamber (garba griha) serve in a Hindu temple?Group of answer choicesIt houses the image of a godIt houses donations from worshippersIt houses the sacrificial food for the godIt houses incense used in ceremoniesWhat kind of decoration is found at Borobudur?Group of answer choicesrelief sculptureabstract designscarpet patternsfrescosAngkor Wat was originally __________.Group of answer choicesa Cambodian palacea Shinto shrinesurrounded by moatsthe burial site of Siddhartha GautamaDuring the twelfth century, the ruler of Cambodia thought of himself a descendent of __________.Group of answer choicesShivaSiddhartha GautamaBrahmaVishnuFound on Chinese bronze vessels used to honor ancestors, the taotie represents __________.Group of answer choicesan individual metalsmith’s signaturea meaning unknown to us todayan avenging godan underworld creatureThe original function of the Terra Cotta Warriors was to __________.Group of answer choicesguard the afterlife of the Emperor Qin Shihuangdiact as a faux army guarding the Great Walldecorate the imperial palacebe given as gifts to loyal military commandersWhat aspect of Qiu Ying’s Fisherman’s Flute Heard Over the Lake best demonstrates respect for artistic traditions of the past?Group of answer choicesHis subject matter references the harmony of man and natureHis poetic treatment of the landscape evokes an emotional responseHe imitates the style of the master Fan KuanHis image depicts a scholar-poet in meditationWhat distinguishes the construction of the Main Hall of the Inner Shrine at Ise?Group of answer choicesIt is built annuallyIt is built without nailsIt is painted and stainedIt is built by Shinto monksWhat element of Japanese ukiyo-e prints influenced nineteenth century European artists?Group of answer choicescentered balancecropped compositionshadingcalligraphic brushworkWhat is a unique feature of the religious sculpture in Cambodia during the Khmer Empire?Group of answer choicesstone carvings that appear to be portraits of real rulersthe development of new religious figuresthe elimination of Buddhist sculpturesthe defacement of religious sculpturesWhat was one consequence of Confucianism on ancient Chinese art?Group of answer choicesEroticism was integrated in many visual formsOnly realistic imagery was permittedInnovation was approached very cautiouslyPainting was considered a trivial artWhat was one way that Chinese artists elevated the status of painting?Group of answer choicesThey introduced calligraphic brush techniquesThey developed new tools for paintingThey encouraged public exhibitions of paintingThey encouraged the development of oil paintingWhat are the red marks that frequently appear on Chinese hanging scrolls and album pages?Group of answer choicesownership stampsartists’ signaturesdefacementstitles of the worksWhat technique did Korean artists develop for manuscript illumination?Group of answer choiceshandmade parchmentslip-inlaystrands of gold and silverbordersWhat technique was developed in Japan to hold up heavy tiled roofs?Group of answer choicesarchesbracketinggroin vaultsflying buttressesWhat is one difference that distinguishes Japanese painted screens from western easel paintings?Group of answer choicesPainted screens were only executed in naturalistic stylesPainted screens were not considered works of artPainted screens functioned as focal points in interior settingsPainted screens were rapidly producedWhat is one element of the haboku style that was set by Sesshu Toyo?Group of answer choicesprecise line worksimplification of formsabandonment of landscapereligious subject matterWhat technical development is represented in the Lotus Sutra, created in Korea during the fourteenth century?Group of answer choicesfolding screensukiyo-e printingmetal typeslip-inlay technique