solved (SCROLL DOWN TO “DISCUSSION FORUM – INITIAL RESPONSE” FOR QUESTIONS

(SCROLL DOWN TO “DISCUSSION FORUM – INITIAL RESPONSE” FOR QUESTIONS TO ANSWERPLEASE PROVIDE A LIST OF REFERENCES TO SOURCESNO WORD LIMIT – JUST ANSWER ALL OF THE GIVEN PROMPT THIS PROFESSOR IS STRICT WITH GRADING DISCUSSIONS, PLEASE BE EXPERIENCED WITH WRITING PSYCH)PURPOSE & GOALSThis forum will encourage you to use what you have learned about personality theory to further exercise your critical thinking and communicating skills. It will also help you to understand some of the strengths and weaknesses of several theoretical approaches psychologists have used to study and describe personality. DISCUSSION FORUM—BACKGROUNDIntroductory psychology textbooks usually discuss several theoretical approaches to understanding personality. Typically, personality theories are described in terms of four broad perspectives; Psychodynamic, Trait, Humanistic, & Social-cognitive. This is a very useful way of categorizing approaches, but it doesn’t lend itself well to comparing and contrasting the different theoretical approaches. One way to approach evaluating the relative strengths and weaknesses of these theoretical approaches is by setting up contrasting viewpoints. In their 1986 book “Personality: Theory, research, and applications (Links to an external site.)”, psychologists C.R. Potkay & B.P. Allen described contrasting assumptions that personality theorists have taken. Here you will focus on three pairs of contrasting assumptions that Potkay & Allen presented. Note: not all of the theorists listed here are discussed in the text, but each is easily searched on the internet: Alfred Adler, Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Albert Bandura, Sigmund Freud, Erich Fromm, Carl Jung, Hans Eysenck, Raymond Cattell, B.F. Skinner, John Watson, and Julian Rotter. You do not need to look all of these theorists up, but you may find it helpful to do so.Free will vs determinism: Are we consciously aware? Do we control our own fate? Or are we more subject biological influences and external stimuli?Psychologists holding mostly free will views: Adler, Maslow, Rogers, & Bandura.Psychologists holding mostly deterministic views: Freud, Jung, Fromm, & Eysenck.Nature or nurture: Which influence plays a greater role in personality; heredity or environment?Psychologists holding mostly hereditary views: Eysenck, Cattell, Freud, Jung.Psychologists holding mostly environmental views: Skinner, Watson, Rotter, Bandura, Rogers.Unique characteristics or universal characteristics: Does every person have a unique personality or are there general personality characteristics that can describe many people?Psychologists holding mostly unique views of personality: Adler, Rogers, Bandura, Rotter.Psychologists holding mostly universal views of personality: Watson, Skinner, Eysenck, Fromm.DISCUSSION FORUM—INITIAL SUBMISSIONFirst, make the assumption that these contrasting views are dichotomous contrasts. That is, no middle ground, interaction, or mutual influences on behaviors occur. For example, for the nature/nurture contrast, make the assumption that a person’s personality is either entirely shaped by nature (heredity/genes) or entirely shaped by nurture (environment/experience).Choose one of the contrasts.Explain and summarize the viewpoint taken by one of the theorists. If you use information not discussed in the text, you must include a reference to your source.Present an argument in support of that theorist’s assumed extreme view.