solved Write a 3-5 page paper that analyzes the changes that

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Write a 3-5 page paper that analyzes the changes that have occurred in medical education from the 1800s to today. Compare and contrast the apprenticeship and academic models of medical education and provide examples.
Introduction
Much has changed in American medicine since the establishment of the first medical school in 1765 at the College of Philadelphia. At that time, physicians had very little professional training, and much of their training was unregulated—as was the treatment they provided to patients. As the medical profession became more established and education became more formal, the rules governing who could practice medicine also became more formal and restricted.
With the formation of the American Medical Association (AMA) in 1876, more medical schools required a four-year degree in order to qualify for medical practice, and the attempt to focus on quality became stronger. However, since many physicians were already from the “old school,” it was difficult to make the necessary changes that might restrict or diminish those educated earlier. Not until outside organizations began to exert pressure to enforce standards in education did improvements in training begin to be seen.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

Competency 3: Analyze the development of medical education in the United States.

Analyze the scope of change in medical education from the 1800s to today.
Compare and contrast the apprenticeship model and the academic model of medical education.
Analyze why it is important to understand the history of medicine in order to improve medical education.

Competency 4: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others.

Instructions
For this assessment, you will analyze the changes that have occurred in medical education from the 1800s to today.
Write a 3–5 page paper that addresses the following points:

Analyze the scope of change in medical education from the 1800s to today.
Compare and contrast the apprenticeship and academic models of medical education.

How have the two evolved over time?

Evaluate the importance of understanding the history in order to help improve medical education in the future.
Provide examples that illustrate your points.

Organize your paper using the following headings (these headings are required):

Title Page.
Introduction.

Preview the main themes of your paper.

The Changing Scope of Medical Education.

Analyze the scope of change in medical education from the 1800s to today.

Apprenticeship Model versus Academic Model.

Describe both models.
Compare and contrast their features.
Analyze how they have evolved over time.

Improving Medical Education by Understanding History.

Evaluate the importance of understanding the history of medical education in order to help improve medical education in the future.

Conclusion.

Summarize the main themes of your paper.

References.   

Resources: The History of Medical Education

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APA 7 Sample Paper in PDF Format
Posted on: Saturday, February 20, 2021 9:50:50 AM CSTPosted by: Yvonne AllesPosted to: BHA-FPX4002 – Winter 2021 – Section 01
APA 7 Blog to help with citation of a website
Posted on: Monday, February 15, 2021 7:43:34 AM CSThttps://bloggerdirection.com/cite-a-website-in-apa…
As you prepare for your assessment, consider the following:

Examine the difference between internships and fellowships. Why must physicians complete an internship? 
How has medical education changed since the 1800s?
Consider the strengths and weaknesses of medical education. What are some potential opportunities for the future?
Medical Education
You may wish to review these optional resources to help you as you prepare for the assessment:
Another step in higher medical education. (2016). JAMA, 316(21), 2280.
Bui, T. (2012). Effectively training the hospice and palliative medicine physician workforce for improved end-of-life health care in the United States. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 29(6), 417–420.
Eva, K. W. (2016). Reflections on our current history. Medical Education, 50(11), 1080–1081.
Sugand, K., Metcalfe, D., Arya, D., & Akhtar, K. (2013). History lessons in medical education: A current necessity? Surgical Practice, 17(1), 18–21.
Young, K. M., & Kroth, P. J.(2018). Health care USA: Understanding its organization and delivery (9th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Available from the Bookstore.

Chapter 6, “Medical Education and the Changing Practice of Medicine,” pages 141–168.
Chapter 7, “The Health Care Workforce,” pages 169–200.

Thompson, A. E. (2014). JAMA patient page. A physician’s education. JAMA, 312(22), 2456.
Walsh, K. (2015). Cost in medical education: One hundred and twenty years ago. Advances in Health Science Education, 20(4), 1107–1110
APA 7 Blog to help with citation of a websiteAPA 7 Sample Paper in PDF Format
There are a lot of people already using APA 7 so this might be a helpful tool (even if you have not yet transitioned).  I keep a laminated copy right by my computer so I can check on anything that is confusing.  A few notes that are key points:1. APA 6 has the Running head: ALL CAPS on title page for header. APA 7 has only the page #.2. Neither version (ever) has the word Introduction as a heading. No matter what any directions may tell you, it is not correct APA in either version to use that word as a heading.3. For references of more than two authors, APA 7 uses only the first one and then et al., No period after et and no comma after the name of the first author.4.  APA 7 does not use the words Retrieved from or the Retrieved date in the references. Glance at the sample paper to see how this should look. Also, if it is a book, the place of publication is not needed.5.  Periods go on the outside of the parenthesis and not before them (Alles, 2021). 6. Don’t use first names or degrees in your references, and also don’t include any degrees such as PhD, MD, JD, MA, etc.Enough for now, but be sure to print out the sample and learn one new item a day 
Fixing spacing to APA
Have a peek at this quick video on Spacing … This is a must watch to fix your APA academic paper.  https://video.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?fr=yhs-n…https://video.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?fr=yhs-norton-ext_onb&ei=UTF-8&hsimp=yhs-ext_onb&hspart=norton¶m1=d7b1d017-b946-426c-a09a-b85ce48cf29a_2021-02-08_cr¶m2=ds_direct_jan21¶m3=ngc_22.20.5.39_wk07_2021¶m4=1000&source=direct&p=utube+for+paragraph+spacing+word&type=cr_ds_jan21_wk07_2021#id=19&vid=a8fd9159b93ec0608b7d965d9c3e813e&action=view

solved Develop a 2-4-page scholarly paper in which you describe a

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Develop a 2-4-page scholarly paper in which you describe a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis, and then identify and analyze credible evidence that could be used as the basis for applying EBP to the issue.The goal of using evidence-based research findings is to enhance safety and quality of patient care and ensure optimal outcomes are achieved. It is not uncommon to hear a nurse say, “why change it as we’ve always done it this way.” However, this is no longer acceptable in today’s practice environment. The profession of nursing has evolved, and the expectation is that the professional nurse has a scientific foundation to support the care that is provided. As the profession of nursing continues to evolve and engage in health care transformation, baccalaureate-prepared nurses are expanding taking on leadership roles that include incorporating EBPs. To be able to do this, the nurse needs to understand the criteria and makes a resource credible, as this is crucial when deciding if the research is valid and reliable for implementation into health care settings.It would be an excellent choice to complete the Vila Health Determining the Credibility of Evidence activity prior to developing the report. The activity is a media simulation that offers an opportunity to review a scenario and work on determining the credibility of presented evidence. These skills will be necessary to complete Assessment 2 successfully. This media simulation is one potential source of context on which to base your assessment submission. This will take just a few minutes of your time and is not graded.Demonstration of ProficiencyBy successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:Competency 2: Analyze the relevance and potential effectiveness of evidence when making a decision.Explain criteria that should be considered when determining credibility of resources such as journal articles and websites.Analyze the credibility and relevance of evidence and resources within the context of a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis.Competency 3: Apply an evidence-based practice model to address a practice issue.Explain the importance of incorporating credible evidence into an EBP model used to address a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis.Competency 4: Plan care based on the best available evidence.Describe a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis, that could benefit from an evidence-based approach.Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead practice changes based on evidence.Communicate using writing that is clear, logical, and professional with correct grammar and spelling using current APA style.Professional ContextAs a baccalaureate-prepared nurse, you will be responsible for locating and identifying credible and scholarly resources to incorporate the best available evidence for the purposes of enhancing clinical reasoning and judgement skills. When reliable and relevant evidence-based findings are utilized, patients, health care systems, and nursing practice outcomes are positively impacted.ScenarioFor this assessment, you may choose from the following options as the context for the quality or safety issue or chosen diagnosis for researching and completing this assessment:The specific diagnosis you identified in your previous assessment.The simulation Vila Health: Determining the Credibility of Evidence.A personal practice experience in which a sentinel event occurred.InstructionsThe purpose of this analysis is to better understand what constitutes credibility of journal articles as well as websites. The role of the baccalaureate-prepared nurse in incorporating evidence-based research continues to growth in clinical practice. As quality improvement (QI) measures to reduce safety risks continue to be emphasized, the need for evidence-based models and evidence-based templates is growing. This type of systematic approach to incorporating evidence-based findings allows nurses to make clinical and operational decisions based upon the best available evidence. When the most up-to-date evidence-based findings are utilized, patient-centered care improves outcomes and enhances the patient experience.For this assessment:Explain the criteria that should be used when determining the credibility of journal articles as well as websites.Support your explanations with references to the literature or research articles that describe criteria that should be used to determine credibility.Your identification and determination of credibility should be done within the context of your chosen scenario for this assessment. For example, if you choose to use the provided Vila Health scenario, your initial identification of resources should be of resources that will best help address the presented issue. However, if you are locating resources to help provide evidence-based care for the diagnosis you identified in the first assessment, you may want to begin your literature and evidence search from the databases that identified. Any of the three scenario options are acceptable. So, pick the one that most interests you.Be sure to address the following in this assessment, which correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Please study the scoring guide carefully so that you will know what is needed for a distinguished score.Describe a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis, that could benefit from an evidence-based approach.Explain criteria that should be considered when determining credibility of resources such as journal articles and websites.Analyze the credibility and relevance of evidence and resources within the context of a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis.This is where you are selecting the specific resources to help address the issue in your chosen scenario. Explain the importance of incorporating credible evidence into an EBP model used to address a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis.Selecting a model for evidence-based practice changes. [PDF] and Evidence-Based Practice Models help explain the various evidence-based nursing models.Communicate using writing that is clear, logical, and professional with correct grammar and spelling using current APA style.Submission RequirementsYour assessment should meet the following requirements:Length of submission: 2–4-page scholarly paper, this does not include the APA-formatted title page and reference list.Number of references: Cite 3–5 sources of scholarly or professional evidence that support your findings and considerations. Resources should be no more than five years old.APA formatting: References and citations are formatted according to current APA style.

solved InterviewsThis course utilizes two interviews to provide you an opportunity

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InterviewsThis course utilizes two interviews to provide you an opportunity to interact with real-world professionals within the areas of business related to your course topics. These interviews should not be confused with your other unit journals which are based on your experiences in this unit. These interviews require face-to-face interaction with your selected professional.It is an exciting time, living in the 21st Century! While the intent of the interviews is that you attempt to interview a professional face-to-face in your local community, if this is difficult due to factors such as living in a rural area, you can find a professional online, coordinate via email, and meet using Google Hangouts to accomplish the interview assignments.Keep in mind, in either method, your professionalism reflects upon yourself and our institution; make us proud.A few other important notes: Due to technical limitations with our learning platform, you may see these items listed as Journal: Interview. These are not to be confused with your normal journals, as they are very different. Consider them as interviews, and ensure you review and read their specific instructions.Also, as you review your Gradebook during Unit 1, look at the timing of the interview and the related topics of the units towards the end of the term. Know the late policy, and your own work schedule. Schedule the interview to maximize your opportunity while mitigating risk of non-completion. Do not procrastinate. Your emergency is not your selected professional’s emergency. Plan accordingly to ensure you are not limited by schedule and ensure a buffer and contingency so that your selected professional is not pressured by your time constraints. It is advisable to have a backup time and date planned, in case you need it, to accomplish the interview. If you need to switch to a different professional, due to availability, that is also appropriate within the same area of business.This is a realistic business opportunity. One of the positive elements of Interviews as learning opportunities is that they also open you up to networking opportunities. The role of professional networking in a business career cannot be understated, it is key towards success. Additionally, if you research career sites, you will see much advice towards the concept of an informational interview. You may want to research informational interviews from this perspective prior to your two actual interviews.You are being notified during Unit 1 to allow you maximize time to research, plan, coordinate, and accomplish the interview successfully. Overcome obstacles, if they occur, and earn positive results!In this interview, you will be assessed based on the following Outcomes:MT435-4: Examine supply chain management and global supply chain concepts supportive of operations management efforts.PC-3.2: Interact with others in a professional manner using appropriate communication and presentation skills.This journal is different than many journals you may have encountered during your time at university. In fact, it is better to think of it as an interview than a journal.Part of learning about business is networking. This interview is to get you motivated and networking with business professionals in your local area. If you want, you can also set-up an online interview using Google Hangouts; however, you should make an effort in your local area if at all possible for this experiential learning opportunity to conduct a face-to-face interview.You will conduct a 30-minute interview with a business professional who has experience with SCM and Global SCM.During the interview, ask permission to submit their first name, last name, and email address as elements of your interview summary, in case your professor wants to check in with them on their thoughts of the interview.As the person conducting the interview, you should dress professionally for the interview, and be prepared with some initial research of the person you are interviewing (review their LinkedIn profile) as well as, their organization (online research, corporate website, etc.). The point is to show up as a business professional, and to be properly prepared and engaged for the interview. You will be asking the questions, and you should be prepared to be an active listener and to ask pertinent follow-on questions.The three main question sets you are to ask, allowing about 10 minutes of discussion each, are:Question Set 1: (SCM Theory)Glocalization is a hybrid word of global and local, meaning, “think globally and act locally.” How does your organization implement glocalization? What trend do you foresee, as far as glocalization, within your industry in the next 5-years? Do you envision any radical changes in your industry that would drive changes to the theory or strategy of supply chain?Question Set 2: (Global SCM Practice)How is the multi-modal system used effectively as an element of pragmatic practice for daily operations within your supply chain? How important is the standardized container towards smooth operations within the supply chain? Can you cover the types of pallets used by your organization, their standard size and purpose? What is your top concern with the daily practice of your supply chain operations?Question Set 3: (Professional Interaction, Communication, and Presentation Skills)How important is the concept of first impressions in the business environment? What communications skills do you use most often within the supply chain? Do you present often in your role within the organization? Can you cover how a normal presentation flows as one of your best practices?To successfully complete this interview, review the rubric prior to the interview and ensure you complete all required elements. However, in general, you will be composing 2-pages of meeting minute format summary of the interview, highlighting who you selected to interview, their contact information, the three responses, any other follow-on questions or key points, and then close with a summary and your reflection on what you learned in relation to the course topics.Advice to AvoidDo not list the questions in the interview document you submitUse headers such as Question Set 1: to separate out your interview narrativeEnsure all writing is the direct words of the person you interviewed, using quotes on their responses, or your own original narrative as part of the interview process, or your own reflectionsEnsure your reflection is in your own wordsCheck your TII Report!Directions for Submitting Your Journal: InterviewCompose your meeting minute format summary of the interview in a Word document and save it in a location that includes your name and the title. Submit your interview summary to the Unit 8 Journal: Interview Dropbox.

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Please answer each questions as the following – 11 questions (350 words each minimum)1- You may continue to work with the same company in this course, further analyzing its financial performance, or you may choose a new organization. The company you choose must either be a publicly traded company or not-for-profit organization from the following the six industries driving the U.S. economyEnergyManufacturingTransportationHealthcareAgricultureTechnology, construction, retail, and non-durable manufacturing. Please note that you must use the most recent three years of financial statements and related financial data for your publicly traded company or not-for-profit organization. The company or organization you select will be your subject company or organization throughout this course and is subject to instructor approval. (minimum of 350 words)2- 1st Post Due by Day 3. Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapter 3 of your textbook, and test your knowledge in the MindTap Practice Chapter 3 Problem 10 and Chapter 3 Problem 14 located in Ch 03: End-of-Chapter Problems – Evaluation of Financial Performance. Please note that these practice problems are ungraded, and your score will not be factored into your overall grade. You will also need to review your chosen company financial data and reports. Although not required, it is recommended that you also review the chapter videos and flashcards available in the recommended resources section of your course. Before you begin to evaluate your chosen company financial performance, briefly describe some of the main components that should be included in your financial analysis to assess potential weaknesses and strengths in the financial statements for your chosen company. Describe the financial analysis techniques you will use to evaluate your company. (minimum of 350 words)3- Describe the background, development, and reasoning behind your ratio analysis approach to financial statement analysis. What additional information, if any, would you like to have to make a more complete analysis? (300 words)4- Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapters 16, 17, and 18 of your textbooks, and test your knowledge in the MindTap Chapter 16 Practice assignment questions. Please note that these practice problems are ungraded, and your score will not be factored into your overall grade. Although not required, it is recommended that you also review the chapter videos and flashcards available in the recommended resources section of your course.Review your chosen company’s current working capital policy and compare and contrast the tools and procedures used to manage cash inflow and outflows, inventory, and accounts receivable management. Use one or more of your chosen firm’s competitors and highlight those similarities in the tools and procedures being used as well as lessons learned. (minimum of 350 words)5- in contrast to the aggressive policy, moderate policy, and a conservative working capital policy, emphasize their profitability at the expense of liquidity. What additional information, if any, would you like to have to make a more complete analysis? (300 words)6- Detail some actions your chosen company can take to shorten its cash conversion cycle. What additional information, if any, would you like to have to make a more complete analysis? (300 words)7- Prior to beginning work on this discussion, reads Chapter 16 and 19 of your textbook, and test your knowledge in the MindTap Practice Chapter 16 Problem 6. Please note that these practice problems are ungraded, and your score will not be factored into your overall grade. Although not required, it is recommended that you also review the chapter videos and flashcards available in the recommended resources section of your course.As the finance analyst for your chosen company, you have been asked to evaluate the pros and cons of each of the following financing alternatives:Uses of short-term debt to finance working capital needs in current assets.Use of long-term debt to finance to fixed assetDiscuss the impact of each of these financing alternatives on your chosen company’s risk and on the expected profitability. (minimum of 350 words)8- Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapters 12 and 13 of your textbook, and test your knowledge in the MindTap Practice Chapter 12 Problem 8 and Chapter 12 Problem 10 located in Ch 12: End-of-Chapter Problems – The Cost of Capital. Please note that these practice problems are ungraded, and your score will not be factored into your overall grade. Although not required, it is recommended that you also review the chapter videos and flashcards available in the recommended resources section of your course. Briefly discuss why the cost of capital is an important factor in determining the firm’s capital structure. As a financial manager, how would the different theories of capital structure impact your ability to make choices when trying to determine the optimal capital structure for the firm (350 words)Briefly discuss why the cost of capital is an important factor in determining the firm’s capital structure. As a financial manager, how would the different theories of capital structure impact your ability to make choices when trying to determine the optimal capital structure for the firm (350 words)9- In which area of your analysis is there the greatest potential for error? Why? Is there anything that could be done to improve computations in these areas. What additional information, if any, would you like to have to make a more complete analysis? (minimum of 350 words)10- Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapters 9, 10, and 11 of your textbook, and test your knowledge in the MindTap Practice Chapter 11 Problem 14, Chapter 11 Problem 15, and Chapter 11 Problem 16 located in Ch 11: End-of-Chapter Problems – Capital Budgeting and Risk. Please note that these practice problems are ungraded, and your score will not be factored into your overall grade. Although not required, it is recommended that you also review the chapter videos and flashcards available in the recommended resources section of your course.When a project being evaluated is more or less risky than the firm’s average risk level, it is necessary to modify the analysis to account for risk differences between the project and the rest of the firm. Briefly discuss several methods to account for risk differences and their impact on capital budgeting cash flow analysis and projects. (minimum of 350 words)11-Describe the evaluation process or steps your subject company should use in this capital budgeting process. Describe the types of cash flows that your subject company must consider when evaluating a capital budgeting projects. (minimum of 300 words).

solved Instructions In this assessment you will continue as a member

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Instructions
In this assessment you will continue as a member of the Chief Compliance Officer’s team. Recently, an incorrect billing practice known as upcoding has been discovered. Upcoding is a common area for fraud and abuse, and the recent incident has become an area of major focus for the Chief Compliance Officer.
The Chief Compliance Officer has tasked you with researching and making evidence-based recommendations about how to identify and address this incorrect billing practice. Your recommendations will be considered for possible inclusion in future policy and procedure content.
The Chief Compliance Officer has stressed with you the importance of incorporating evidence-based recommendations. This individual is specifically interested in the Office of the Inspector General’s position on upcoding, any relevant case precedents, and any available resources for health care organizations. You know from experience that the workplace brief will need to include substantiation of all facts and recommendations from authoritative sources. The team leader has asked you cover all of the following headings in your brief:
Major Categories of Health Care Fraud and Abuse (2 pages)

Describe the major categories of health care fraud and abuse.

Be sure to include the billing practice known as upcoding.

Five Health Care Fraud and Abuse Laws (3 pages)

Provide a synopsis of five laws relating to health care fraud and abuse.
Include the rationale for why you selected the laws you did.

Upcoding and the Law (2–4? pages)

Explain in detail one law pertaining to upcoding.

Be sure to explain how the law specifically applies to upcoding.

Provide an actual example of upcoding.

Select your example from your suggested resources, from research you conducted on the topic, or from your professional experience. If your example stems from your professional experience, please be sure to protect individual and organizational identities.

Identifying and Addressing Upcoding in Health Care (2–4? pages)

Propose a list of evidence-based recommendations to identify and address upcoding in the health care environment.  

Be sure to consider in your recommendations what the Office of Inspector General has to say about identifying and addressing upcoding.
Tip: Visit these websites:

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2017). Avoiding medicare fraud and abuse: A roadmap for physicians. Retrieved from https://www.cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicar…
United States Department of Health and Human Services & Office of Inspector General. (n.d.). Compliance education materials: Compliance 101. Retrieved from https://oig.hhs.gov/compliance/101/

Additional Requirements

Written communication: Use the linked Identifying and Addressing Upcoding Template [DOCX]. Ensure your workplace brief is clear, succinct, well-organized, and generally free of errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling. 
Length: Approximately 8–10 double-spaced content pages in Times New Roman, 12-point font, including the reference page.
Title page: Develop a descriptive title of approximately 5–15 words. It should stir interest, yet maintain professional decorum. Ensure that your title page conforms to current APA format.
References: Include a minimum of 6 current (within the past 5 years), authoritative citations in current APA format. Include a separate reference page that also conforms to APA guidelines.
APA format: Use current APA style and formatting. Indent the first sentence of all new paragraphs.
Font: Times New Roman, 12-point.?
Scoring guide: Review the scoring guide for this assessment so that you understand how your faculty member is going to evaluate your work.

Resources: Compliance Snapshot
This website contains valuable information regarding basic compliance concepts, terminology, explanations of laws, and additional important resources for the workplace. Laws covered include: the Federal False Claims Act, the Anti-Kickback Statute, the Physician Self-Referral Law, the Criminal Health Care Fraud Statute, the Exclusion Statute, and the Civil Monetary Penalties Law:

??Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2017). Avoiding medicare fraud and abuse: A roadmap for physicians. Retrieved from https://www.cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicar…

This important website contains provider compliance program guidance, a rationale for the importance of compliance, program effectiveness measurement resources, training materials, and more. This site also provides some excellent videos, such as examples of the 2017 fraud report “take downs,” including $1.3 billion in billing fraud and $4 billion dollars in total fraud:

??United States Department of Health and Human Services, and Office of the Inspector General. (n.d.). Compliance education materials: Compliance 101. Retrieved from https://oig.hhs.gov/compliance/101/
Resources: Fraud and Abuse Laws
This resource explains the anti-kickback law:

United States Government Publishing Office. (n.d.) Title 42—The public health and welfare [Anti-kickback statute]. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2016-title42/…
This resource explains the criminal health care fraud statute:
United States Government Publishing Office. (n.d.) Title 18—Crimes and criminal procedure [Criminal health care fraud statute]. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2016-title18/…
This resource explains the false claims act:
United States Government Publishing Office. (n.d.) Title 31—Money and finance [False claims act]. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2016-title31/…
This resource explains a law dealing with physician self-referral:
United States Government Publishing Office. (n.d.) Title 42—The public health and welfare [Physician Self-Referral or Stark Law].  Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2016-title42/…
This resource explains the exclusions statute for participation in federally funded operations:
United States Government Publishing Office. (n.d.) Title 42—The public health and welfare.[Exclusion statute]. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2016-title42/…
This reading explains the civil monetary penalties law:  
United States Government Publishing Office. (n.d.)  Title 42—The public health and welfare [Civil monetary penalties law]. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2016-title42/…

Resources: Suspected Fraud and Abuse
The following video contains critical information about how to protect yourself from health care fraud and abuse in the workplace. It also tells you what to do if you suspect a violation:

United States Department of Health and Human Services, and Office of Inspector General. (n.d.). Reporting Fraud to OIG. Retrieved from 

solved By Day 5Respond to at least two colleagues from the

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By Day 5Respond to at least two colleagues from the perspective of an interested stakeholder for the program by doing the following:Provide a brief description of the role that you are taking. Provide an evaluation of the group research design that they have chosen, and criteria that your colleagues have generated (choice of outcome and method of evaluation) from the perspective of the stakeholder whom you have chosen.Provide support based on your evaluationAsk questions about the plan for research design and the questions that the evaluation plan will address from your chosen perspective.CandancePost Your Explanation of Which Group Research Design and Data Collection Method from Those Outlined in The Resources You Selected as Appropriate for the “Social Work Research: Planning a Program Evaluation” Case Study and WhyAccording to McNamara (2006a) “program evaluation with an outcomes focus is increasingly important for nonprofits and asked for by funders”. The group research design and data collection method that the writer would chose to initiate from those outlined in the resources for the case study in question would be the use of focus groups. The reason for this is that the organization at of the planned study has seven regional centers that operate fairly independently. The goal at hand is to initiate a new training program to standardize training and efficiency across the board but at this time there is no current literature on the training program that is being used (Plummer, Makris, & Brocksen, 2014b). Because the centers operate independently an because there are not tons of data on the training program a focus group would be beneficial to determine what is working and what is not working at each center, and use this information to build upon the training program that is being initiated. Focus groups “explore a topic in depth through group discussion such as reactions to an experience or suggestion, understanding common complaints and are useful in evaluation and marketing” (McNamara, 2006a ). The information obtained through a focus group could provide valuable information that would assist in making the training program successful. Generate Criteria to Be Measured Using the Research Design by Identifying A Specific Outcome and A Method for Measuring That Outcome. Specify Who Will Collect the Data and How the Data Will Be Collected One of the primary goals of this new training program is to improve the quality of services delivered (Plummer, Makris, and Brocken, 2014b) this would be the criteria that would be measured using the focus groups. Focus groups can be difficult in terms of analyzing data and responses. However, the use of a focus group would allow for “quick and reliable common impressions, can be an efficient way to get a range and depth of information in a short time, and can convey key information about programs” (McNamara, 2006a). The data would be collected via open-ended questions and surveys to current staff members based on what they have seen and been taught thus far. The seasoned staff members would be the best source of information as they would have direct input from working with foster parents and encountered issues, comments, and concerns from foster parents and other staff members in areas such as ways to improve the delivery of the quality of services. The data would be collected from the two people who have now been identified as the designated trainers for all the centers and agencies as it is relevant for them both to know the information that is being obtained. ReferencesMcNamara, C. (2006a). Contents of evaluation plan. In basic guide to program evaluation (including outcomes evaluation). http://managementhelp.org/evaluation/program-evaluation-guide.htm#anchor1586742Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. (Eds.). (2014b). Social work case studies: Concentration year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader].Sonterria Post your explanation of which group research design and data collection method from those outlined in the Resources you selected as appropriate for the “Social Work Research: Planning a Program Evaluation” case study and why.In the case of Planning a Program Evaluation, a new training program was implemented. One of the primary goals were to reduce foster placement disruptions, improving the quality of services delivered, and increase child well-being through better trained and skilled foster parents. A experimental research design would be an appropriate intervention for the foster care training program. The experimental group receives treatment, and the control group will not. When deciding on a data collection method, it is imperative that the researcher select a collection method that will gather information on desired outcomes.For the case study, I would suggest completing a case study collection method. Case studies are beneficial in fully understanding a client’s experiences in a program and conduct comprehensive examination through cross comparison of cases (McNamara, 2006a). In comparing cases of foster children, pre-training for those who were exposed to training, it will show the desired outcomes being sought. The control group will include families with no exposure to any form of training.Then, generate criteria to be measured using the research design by identifying a specific outcome and a method for measuring that outcome. Specify who will collect the data and how the data will be collected.A case study of several past foster care families would need to be reviewed and assessed on the desired outcomes of the training intervention of reducing foster placement disruptions, improving the quality of services delivered, and increasing child well-being through better trained and skilled foster families. Informants would include foster parents, teachers, and foster children for data collection. Once the first group of foster care families has completed their training and allotted the time has passed the next step would be to implement home based training.The same review will need be completed and compared to both case studies. Even though it would be a negative aspect of hiring an evaluation company, it would be appropriate in this scenario, so that the foster care agency can obtain an unbiased review of their new training program.ReferencesMcNamara, C. (2006a). Contents of an evaluation plan. In Basic guide to program evaluation (including outcomes evaluation). http://managementhelp.org/evaluation/program-evaluation-guide.htm#anchor1586742.Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen S. (Eds.). (2014b). Social work case studies: Concentration year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader].

solved Assessment 2: Your Learning EcoSystem (30%) Purpose & Task Description

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Assessment 2: Your Learning EcoSystem (30%)
Purpose & Task Description
The purpose of this activity is to evaluate your understanding of the formal, informal, and non-formal sources of learning and support within your learning ecosystem.
In this assessment item, you will visualise your Professional Learning Ecosystem and provide an explanation of its elements.
While you may have a clear understanding of your learning ecosystem in your head, it is important to be able to convert this information into a functional record. Having a record not only allows you to evaluate the nature and completeness of your understanding of your ecosystem, but it also allows you to re-engineer it as you move from a beginning professional (pre-graduation) to an established professional in employment.
Format
Document in report format submitted via MyUni. Use the following headings for your sections:
1.Introduction
2.How Learning Works
3.Sources of Learning
4.My Professional Learning Ecosystem
5.My Plans for Future Development 
Learning Outcomes
3. Analyse and represent their personal professional learning ecosystem (incorporating formal, non-formal, and informal sources of learning)
4. Reflect on the nature of their involvement in cooperative learning processes
Instructions
What you need to do to be successful in this assignment:
Write an explanation of learning and your Professional Learning Ecosystem.
Your submission must include:

Introduction (100-150 words)
A visualisation of your Professional Learning Ecosystem

Write a short introduction that provides the aim of the report and outlines what the reader will read in the report.
Put a copy of your mindmap in this first section. Your mind map is a network of people, resources, technology & tools, and places (the environment where your learning happens)
In your mindmap, you should include:

Your university courses (course names, types of materials (readings, videos, PPT), course assignments)
People who contribute to your learning (eg teachers, classmates in study groups, mentors, any social networks)
Resources that provide content to intentional support for your learning (library resources, MyUni, ‘how to guides’, university support services such as Maths Centre or Writing Centre)
Technology & Tools that you use specifically for your learning (eg any apps such as for notetaking)
Experiences that contribute to your learning & skills development (eg volunteer work/work experience/network events)  

N.B. Reread all your reflective journal assignments to check for anything related to the elements above that you reflected on and can be added to your mindmap.

How Learning works (400-500 words)
An explanation of how learning is understood to work for people and professionals.

This section is a research-based summary of what you learnt in week 3 of the course, so refer to the readings and videos provided in week 3. Explain what you learnt about: attitude (growth mindset), perception, attention, and memory. 
You could also look at the 6 Scientific learning videos from week 4 as these videos give practice advice on how to learn.  
Identify the areas that you think are important. Explain each of these areas (provide in-text references) and then give evidence/examples to support your ideas (provide in-text references)
Look at the ‘Optional Extended Learning’ at the end of the MyUni page in Modules Week 3 for extra readings/videos that you might find useful.

Sources of Learning in a contemporary business environment (200-400 words)
An explanation of the varieties of formal, informal, and non-formal sources of learning and the difference between them in a contemporary business environment.

This section is also a research-based summary, so you need to refer to the readings provided in weeks 4 and 5. 
Specifically, explain the three different sources of learning (refer to the readings and podcast in week 4) and how you evaluate the credibility of such sources (refer to the videos/reading in week 5). Provide examples of each type of learning. You could refer to your own experiences of each type of learning and evaluating their credibility. 
Briefly explain the relevance of having different sources of learning and the importance of evaluating them.
Look at the ‘Optional Extended Learning’ at the end of the MyUni page in Modules Week 4 as these may be useful.
N.B. It is acceptable to do additional research for both sections 2 & 3 of your report, but make sure that your resources are reliable and relevant.

My Professional Learning Ecosystem (600-800 words)
An explanation of the elements of your Professional Learning Ecosystem, including the following:

Formal Institutional Programs ie University courses 
People/Learning Networks 
Resources/Technology & Tools
Experiences (if included in your map)

In this section, you are describing each part of your mindmap (included in the introduction). Use the headings above to divide this section into clear subsections. You could also include each part of your map in the relevant subsection (see the example provided) 
In each subsection (eg 4.1 Formal Institutional Programs):

Describe what the element is (eg name of university course)
Explain what you are learning from it
Explain if it is a formal, non-formal or informal source of learning & why
Explain how significant this element of learning is for you and why it is helpful for your professional development

My Plans for future development of my Professional Learning Ecosystem (400 words)
A description of the next steps you will take with your Professional Learning Ecosystem and an explanation of why.

At the beginning of this section, write a clear statement about what your career goal is. 
Based on this career goal, you are then explaining your action plan for further developing your skills and knowledge to achieve your goal of becoming a professional in this chosen career. 
In the previous section 4, you are likely to have identified some gaps in your Professional Learning Ecosystem. In this section, you need to put forward specific strategies that you will implement to help you fill the gaps. 
Your strategies need to be realistic, and you need to explain how and why they will help you achieve your goals. Your strategies also need to be measurable (eg by saying how often you will do it or by when you might have completed it) and achievable (eg by say what resources you can use to do it).
Look at the 6 Scientific learning videos from week 4 as these videos give practice advice on how to learn and are practical strategies for your learning. 
Also reread your reflective journal assignments (Part 4) to check for any specific strategies you have identified that could be included in this section of your report.

solved Please reply to this and include a scholarly article quote

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Please reply to this and include a scholarly article quote and reference for the article.Professor Jonas and class,The data presented in the ANA’s Fast Facts 2014 contain several key attributes of the nursing workforce sample, divided into five major categories: growth, salaries, education, demographics, and trends. First, the growth section shows the RN growth rate by state and the overall new job growth and replacement needs from 2012-2022; it was projected that nurse employment would increase from 2.86 million to 3.44 million jobs (20.2%) (American Nurses Association, 2014). Secondly, when it comes to salaries, the average (mean) RN salary is $68,910, with the top 5 highest salaries located in California, precisely the highest one in San Francisco, amounting to $131,800 (American Nurses Association, 2014). Third, hiring preference is higher for BSN graduates at 78.6 %, and 43.7% of hospitals and other healthcare settings require new hires to have a minimum of a bachelor’s degree (BSN) (American Nurses Association, 2014). Fourth, the average age of nurses is 50 years old, with 53% of nurses accounting for over 50 years of age; male nurses remain disproportionately low at 9% (American Nurses Association, 2014). Moreover, the generations of nurses below 40 years old are steadily declining since 1980. In 1980 nurses below the age of 40 were at 54%, and in 2008, it was only 29.5% (American Nurses Association, 2014). Finally, ANA (2014) found that the trends in the nursing profession will continue to increase as nurses are considered to be the number one occupation with the most annual openings. The outlook for the nursing market continues to rise, and keeping up with the directions in various areas of the profession is vital.I found interesting data on the percentage of educational inclination and educational requirements for new hires by hospitals and other health care institutions. The data demonstrate a higher preference for BSN graduates. I believe the rationale for ANA sharing this result is to encourage current students and practicing RNs to continue to advance their education. After all, the nursing practice is geared toward enhancing the quality of life; hence, the aim of the nursing profession nationally and internationally is to guarantee quality care for all while upholding a code of ethics, competencies, standards, continuing education, and certified credentials (Claar & Claar, 2015). Hence, in the form of BSN, degree advancement demonstrates the nursing practice’s commitment to competencies through education. The American Association of Colleges of Nurses (2008) posits that competence develops over time, is progressive, and reflects the student’s internal and external factors and experiences, including education, experience, knowledge, the complexity of the learning experience, and professional autonomy. Along these lines, studies also suggest that nurses with a baccalaureate education are expected to be intelligent consumers of research by understanding each step of the research process to interpret, evaluate, and determine the credibility of research findings (Catalano, 2012). The nursing care provision has been widely influenced by evidence-based practices, which incorporate the best practice through research reported in the literature; thus, competency in conducting research is a crucial skill that a BSN degree prepares its students. For this reason, it comes as no surprise that BSN acquisition of 80% or higher is the goal in nursing education per the Institute of Medicine as cited in the ANA Fast Facts. Moreover, there is also an increased national movement about making all nurses obtain a bachelor of science in nursing (Claar & Claar, 2015). Indeed, elevating one’s degree helps nurses expand their knowledge base and competencies of the profession – a critical element in the era of evidence-based practices and continuous evolvement of technological healthcare developments. Thus, ANA’s Fast Facts data inclusion about educational preference, requirements, and objectives are relevant and essential information worthy of dissemination.With regards to the process of collecting data, instrumental reliability and validity are critical and must be collectively present. Reliable instruments measure a variable with precision and consistency, while valid instruments measure in a manner that is accurate and truthful; a valid instrument measures the correct measure/data (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2020). The significance of having reliable and valid tools is to be able to generate accurate analysis in a manner that inspires confidence in the research findings (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2020). Simply put, reliable tools are needed to measure correctly and consistently, and without reliability, the validity of instruments may produce inaccurate measurement, thereby compromising the integrity of research findings.In terms of one method of data collection that I was not familiar with, it would be the Likert scale. While I have been a respondent of this form of data collection on numerous occasions, I was not by any means familiar with the design’s actual name or terminology until this week. Houser (2018) defines the Likert scale as a scale that uses attitude statements ranked on a five- or seven-point scale. The degree of agreement or disagreement is given a numerical value that can be calculated afterward. The mid-point scale represents neutrality about the area being rated; the highest and lowest points represent extreme opinions (Hole, 2006). Participants select the point that best exemplifies their belief or judgment, and subsequently, the assigned number to the point is retrieved as the score, and a total can be computed.References:American Association of Colleges of Nurses (AACN). (2008). Executive summary: The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. http://www.aacnnursing.org/Education-Resources/AACN-Essentials (Links to an external site.)American Nurses Association. (2014). Fast facts: The nursing workforce 2014: Growth, salaries, education, demographics & trends. (Links to an external site.)Catalano, J. (2012). Nursing Now! Today’s issues, tomorrow’s trends (6th ed.). F.A. Davis Company.Chamberlain College of Nursing (2020). NR439 Evidence-Based Practice. Week 5 lesson: Samples and Data Collection. Downers Grove, IL: Online PublicationClaar, V. V., & Claar, V. A. (2015). Nursing. In F. F. Wherry, & J. Schor (Eds.), The SAGE encyclopedia of economics and society. Sage Publications.Hole, G. (2006). Likert Scale. In G. Davey, Encyclopaedic dictionary of psychology. Routledge.Houser, J. (2018). Nursing research: Reading, using, and creating evidence (4th ed.). Jones and Bartlett.

solved Introduction/Geographic      and Historical Factors: What

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Introduction/Geographic      and Historical Factors: What aspects of geography influenced your      nations participation in the war?  What historical ties or      antagonisms contributed to your participation?  What recent      national history, particularly in the 25 years prior to the war led to      participation in WWII? Geographic issues such as contested borders, unique      natural resources, access to critical sea lanes, ground transportation      systems etc.
Political      Factors:  What was your nations form of government? Was it      stable? Unstable?  What were the major political parties? Who      were the leaders of your country at the beginning of the war? At the      end?  What nations were your allies?  What, if any,      had been the major impacts of the FIRST World War been on the country? In      what ways may political issues have contributed to your participation?                  
Social      and Economic Factors:  Assess the social structure of your      nation. Were there frictions between ethnic or religious groups? What type      of economy did your nation have?  What were the major economic      resources or industries which may have influenced your nations      participation? If your nation was a colony of another power at the time of      the war, were there independence or nationalist movements?  If      your nation had previously been the territory of another nation, were      there lingering ethnic or political frictions?  What impact had      the recent Global Depression had on the country, if any? 
Military      Strength and Capabilities: Describe your armed forces at the time      that war broke out for your nation. How big were they?  Key      military leaders?  What was their level of modernization? Did      they have a particular advantage or disadvantage? What significant actions      did they participate in? What was their status by the end of the war?      Losses? If your nation was overrun/occupied, did they continue to resist      or contribute to the Allied or Axis cause?  How?
Significant      Outcomes/Conclusions: Identify at least four significant outcomes      for your nation due to your participation in the war. Focus on the      post-war period of about twenty-five years from the end of hostilities for      your nation. Did your borders change?  How did they change? Did      your political system change? How? Did your political alignments change?      How? Were there major changes in your social or economic structures? What      were they?  What were your nation’s civilian and military losses      in the war? In summary: What was your relative influence, power, and      condition in the world at the end of the war, as compared to the outbreak      of hostilities for the nation?

Additional Requirements:

Include      an updated Standard Bibliography as the final page of your outline. This      is NOT a copy of your Annotated Bibliography.  Be sure to      include any additional sources identified since submitting your Annotated      Bibliography. You are required to include at least SEVEN sources in your      outline.  For details on Standard Bibliographic entries,      see https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide/citation-guide-1.html  or      look in the Course Resources Tab under Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide.      A sample bibliographic entry for a journal article looks like this: 
Satterfield,        Susan. “Livy and the Pax Deum.” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April        2016): 165–76.
Submit      your outline in MS word or docx format. 

Additional Information on Outlines:
Many students panic when they are unable to immediately produce an outline for a research paper. In fact, such outlines generally take longer to develop, are started later in the writing process, and remain more malleable than other outlines you have devised. You begin writing an outline after conducting some research, and you should remain open to the new evidence that continuing research provides. You should also act on any hunches you might have about where to look for new information and then expand your outline. As you manage your research project, keep the dynamic character of outlining in mind.”
Per the UMGC Online Guide to Writing and Research: “Outlining is just another way to organize your ideas and can be used at every stage of the writing process. Especially in the planning stages, outlining may be informal—a scratch list of points you want to make. Ideas are often simply jotted down in an order that appears to make sense to the writer in thinking about the topic. At a more developed stage, an outline may expand on several aspects of the thesis and controlling idea. A formal outline, on the other hand, may contain complete sentences that expand on the major and minor supporting statements for the clearly delineated thesis statement. How formal and detailed your outline is depends on the demands of the writing task and what kind of writer you are. To summarize, outlining can help you plan and manage your writing assignment in several ways:

It      helps you organize information.
It      facilitates sharing information with your peers and your instructor to see      if you are on the right track.
It      helps you think in writing as you are deciding what to say in your first      draft”

If you are still unfamiliar with outlines, you should also check: https://owl.excelsior.edu/research/outlining/
Traditional Outline Format, modified for HIST465

Introduction: 

Purpose,       background, context for topic. Include identification of topic country.
You       do not need a thesis statement, simply the Introduction above. 

Area      of Analysis #1(Geographic and Historical Factors)

supporting       detail

example        1
example        2

supporting       detail

example        1
example        2

supporting       detail

example        1
example        2

Area      of Analysis #2 (Political Factors) 
Area      of analysis #3 (Social and Economic Factors)
Area      of analysis #4 (Military Strengths and Capabilities)
Area      of analysis #5 (Significant outcomes)
Conclusion

review       central ideas presented in body (and make connection to thesis. Deleted)
transition       to closing thoughts
closing       thoughts

solved PLEASE READ AND MAKE SURE TO FOLLOW THE LINKS I

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PLEASE READ AND MAKE SURE TO FOLLOW THE LINKS I HAVE UPLOADED FOR YOU. DO NOT USE ANY OUTSIDE SOURCES!! DO NOT SITE THE SOURCES I HAVE LINKED FOR YOU IN THE READING. WRITE FROM YOUR POINT OF VIEW BUT DO QUOTE LINES OF THE PLAY!!! INCLUDE LINES OF THE PLAYAccordingly, you are giving two different readings of Richard’s figure and the dramatic action of the play: the first psychological; the second allegorical. In order to do this persuasively, you have to select evidence from the play that supports either reading; and that evidence consists of the words / speech / language / imagery of the text—that is, what the characters say to and about themselves and each other.1. For each reading, you will start with Richard’s opening speech, interpreting his words to support first one and then the other account of his role (historical or magical, political figure or devil incarnate).2. You will then choose two scenes to argue the nature of Richard’s identity (political figure or devil incarnate) and the play’s dramatic action: the first in which a principal character in the play is seduced by Richard’s wiles, and the second in which s/he acknowledges her or his error of understanding or sin.Those principal characters include Clarence, Anne, Hastings, Buckingham and Queen Elizabeth.3. Repeat.In addition to Richard’s and others’ asides, here are some suggested passages / scenes. Do take into account what transpires by the beginning of Act Four, when Richard ceases to speak and ingratiate himself with the audience. You need also to consider the fact and manner of Richard’s death.Richard’s opening address to the audience (1.1.1-41)Richard’s exchange with Clarence (1.1.43-121)Richard’s exchange with Anne (1.2)Queen Margaret’s curses and warning to Buckingham (1.3.187-300) Richard’s statement of politic strategy (1.3.323-37)Clarence’s dream and exchange with the murderers (1.4.1-83ff)Buckingham’s oath of fealty to Elizabeth and her kin (2.1.32-40; cf. 5.1)Queen Elizabeth’s and the Duchess of York’s lament (2.2.34-95)Richard’s pretense with Buckingham (2.2.151-54)Citizens’ colloquy (2.3)Richard’s exchange with the young princes, especially, “Thus, like the formal Vice,Iniquity,/I moralize two meanings in one word” (3.1)Stanley’s dream and Hastings’ exchange with Catesby (3.2)Scrivener’s speech (3.6)Richard’s and Buckingham’s pious play for the crown performed before the mayor andBuckingham’s claque (3.7)Anne’s recognition and confession (4.1.65-86)Richard’s scene of coronation and break with Buckingham (his decision to kill the princesand marry his niece) (4.2)the lament of Margaret, Queen Elizabeth and Duchess of York (4.4.1-121)Richard’s exchange with his mother on their relationship (4.4.132-96)Richard’s exchange with Queen Elizabeth (4.4.197-431)Buckingham’s confession of his guilt (5.1)the juxtaposition of Richmond and Richard staking out their ground at Bosworth field, theirdreams, and exhortations to their soldiers (5.2 and 3)Richard’s dream (the ghosts’ prophecy) and his dissociated soliloquy with his conscience(5.3.177-206)you’re supposed to provide two readings of the same scenes, one historical-psychological, the other allegorical-moral (you need to read the handout on the Morality Play to do this reading properly). given his opening speech and subsequent actions, in your case with Anne, do we see his (temporarily) successful pursuit of the crown as the work of mere man, if a man with extraordinary gifts for intrigue and deception, or do we see that pursuit as the work of the devil, which is to say, a being with a preternatural power of understanding and manipulation, who knows the human soul in a way no human being can do? Does R merely enlist his allies in error (whom he then kills) through his insidious charm and their corruption, which they then confess; or does he tempt them into sinning against the good by a kind of magical compulsion, which leads them into despair and then repentance? Those are the options and you’re supposed to read the scenes first one way, and then the other.‘Reading’ means interpreting or expound the sense of the text by analyzing the words on the page. Because Shakespeare is a poet as well as a dramatist, to whom the English language owes some of its best lines, you have to do what your critics do, which is explicate those lines. BUT you are explicating them from the prompt’s vantage: see this line first as R merely human, then R as the devil incarnate. Or to put the case less bluntly: read R’s opening speech as a self-justification for his villainy, in which he addresses the audience in an attempt to persuade us that he has no choice but to commit the assorted murders that he does, because his deformity denies him the human love given to the beautiful and not to the ugly. ‘Dissembling nature’–‘deceptive, deceitful, dishonest, untrustworthy, vicious’ and so forth—had doomed him to be unloved, AND insofar as nature if God’s creature, God has made him the scourge, the punisher, of England’s corrupt nobility who have caused the civil war. So he seeks ultimate power and significance—the monarchy of England, the highest office in the land—to compensate himself for this deprivation. But if the scene with Anne is any indication, R is delusional, since as he himself observes, ‘was ever woman in this humour woo’d, was ever woman in this humour won’? He has surprised himself no end, and Anne must eventually confess that she has cursed herself. Look at her words: how she lambasts R and then succumbs to his outrageous claim that ‘your beauty’ made him kill her father-in-law and husband. Look at his logic: how does he pull it off? Some lover.The other interpretation argues that R is the devil incarnate, and that his opening speech reproduces the conventions of medieval morality plays in which the devil or vice declares his wicked intentions and proceeds to implement them. You want to use the same scenes with Anne, but now you want to bring to bear on R’s opening speech and consequently his identity her accusations, along with those of Margaret, the Duchess and Elizabeth, which represent R as indeed the very epitome of evil. Look for the signs of ‘supernatural’ happenings: what about the play’s end, when the ghosts come to condemn R while exalting Richmond. I don’t want to give the whole game away but there are instances you can cite in support of this reading and Anne’s temptation (seen this way), despair and repentance. But QUOTE AND ANALYZE THE TEXT: the text is your evidence and analysis is your demonstration in which you make us see in Shakespeare’s words what you find. And finally, tell us which reading you find most persuasive.