Organizing and Analyzing DataThis is the third assignment in your Action Research Project. Begin by reviewing the project description and the Unit 9 instructions for the final project assignment, focusing on the Results of Data Collection and Analysis section, in which you will present a revised version of your work in this assignment. Also, be sure to examine the Organizing and Analyzing Data Scoring Guide before you begin, in order to familiarize yourself with the requirements of this assignment.Remember that in each course project assignment, you will update and include the content of your previous assignments, then add new content as assigned. So far, you have already created the Introduction, Background for the Study, and Description of the Research Context for the Study sections for your final project assignment. In this assignment, you will add the Results of Data Collection and Analysis section.Assignment InstructionsFor this assignment, copy the content from your Unit 2 and Unit 3 assignments into a new document. Make any updates to this content that may be called for, based on instructor feedback or other project developments. Then, create a new section, titled Results of Data Collection and Analysis.For the Results of Data Collection and Analysis component of your Action Research Project, report on the results of your chosen study, addressing the points outlined below. First, address the research design approach, then compile and analyze the data and findings from your chosen study, and then organize and present the findings according to thematic classifications or a timeline. Be careful to focus on reporting the raw, factual data at this point, rather than on discussing your impressions. Do not offer broad statements or interpretations that extend beyond the research findings of the study.Results of Data Collection and AnalysisDiscuss the general approach (such as individual, collaborative, organizational, or community) to the research design that is used in your specified study.Research studies are usually developed according to a specific research design, such as teacher research, experimental, case study, qualitative, quantitative, and so forth. Briefly identify the type of research design that was used in your chosen study.There are several different types of approaches to research design, including individual, collaborative, organizational, and community approaches. Identify and describe the general approach to the research design used in your study, including the steps and processes by which the research design was implemented.Explain how and why this type of approach to the research design may have been chosen. Why was this approach appropriate for the study?Evaluate the types of data collected, the methods used, the organization of the data, and the major findings of your chosen study.Identify the significant types of data that were collected.Explain how the data was organized in the study.Describe the exact methods of data collection that were used (for example, behavioral observation, interviewing, journaling, artifact collection, taking field notes, etcetera).Evaluate the use of each data collection method within the context of this study. For each method of data collection, explain how the data was collected.Exhibit the data in an appropriate format. If you use charts or graphs, be sure to apply APA style and formatting.Discuss what tools were used to analyze the data.Briefly analyze the major findings of the study to determine what was learned and discuss supporting examples. Identify trends and any gaps you see based on the data. Again, be careful not to offer broad statements or interpretations that extend beyond the results of this study.Note: You will complete a thorough evaluation of the study in your next assignment. Here, your focus should be on the data.Classify the raw data from your chosen study into data sets. Organize the findings by choosing one of the following two formats:Thematic/Grouping: Identify and interpret themes that exist in the data, such as differences that appear according to age, gender, and socioeconomic status; or by participant groups, such as single fathers, veterans with mental illness, or parents of toddlers. Group the data into those thematic categories, using the following format:Create a subheading using your chosen theme as the title.Provide a brief, general description that defines the theme.Present examples that demonstrate the variety of response types that are represented in the data for the theme, such as actual quotes from responses, journals, field notes, artifacts, etcetera.Display the data to support the statements you are making, so others may understand your groupings.Timeline: Organize the data according to a timeline of events, using one of the following styles:Chronological (listing the events in the order they occurred).Life history (addressing events according to relevant analytical points; this method best applies to a case study).Composite (presenting findings in a composite picture, such as a hypothetical day in the life).Critical events (grouping the data according to significant events that correspond to the themes in the data).Portraiture (writing a narrative of the individuals or institutions studied).Submission RequirementsYour assignment must meet the following requirements:Written communication: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others, consistent with the expectations for members of the human services field. Write comprehensibly to support fundamental ideas, in APA format, using correct grammar and mechanics.APA guidelines: Follow current APA guidelines for style and formatting, using a title page and references page, and citing your sources properly in the body of your paper with corresponding references on the references page.Length: Write a minimum of 4 new pages for this assignment, for a running total of 12 pages (including the content from your previous assignments). This page total is not including the title page and references page. The content should be typed and double-spaced.References: At least 9 references in total, including the 5 references from your previous assignments. Include peer-reviewed journals or other scholarly resources, assigned unit readings, and the

Assignment 1: Supporting Opinions in Public Health
Introduction
Public health, especially in the media and on the internet, is full of opinions, some true, some false, some contradictory (1). “Masks don’t work to stop Covid”, “Vaccines cause autism”,  “Gun violence relates to mental health”. True? False? We can only confirm/refute these opinions by using research.
Read  below ( or this CNN article (Links to an external site.) link) on what the Surgeon General feels is the biggest Covid-19 vaccination threat. (Remember, this is your textbook! This all counts as reading. )

Surgeon General warns misinformation is the greatest threat to Covid-19 vaccination efforts

By Madeline Holcombe, CNN
Updated 1:35 PM ET, Fri June 25, 2021
(CNN)With a dangerous Covid-19 variant on the rise, health experts are urging people who are still hesitant to get their vaccinations. But the US surgeon general warns a big obstacle stands in their way: Misinformation.
“There is so much misinformation out there about the vaccine, coming through so many channels — a lot of it being spread on social media,” Dr. Vivek Murthy told CNN’s Erin Burnett. “It’s inducing a lot of fear among people.”

(Links to an external site.)These are the two key groups now being hit hardest by Covid-19
“Two-thirds of those who are unvaccinated in polls say that they either believe the myths about Covid-19 or think that they might be true,” he added.Experts, including Dr. Anthony Fauci, have estimated that  (Links to an external site.)70 to 85% of people in the US will need to become immune to the virus through vaccination or infection in order to control community spread. But after initial surges, vaccination rates have slowed, and only 53.7% of the population has received at least one dose.
In addition, more than 1 in 10 people who have received one dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna vaccine have missed their second dose, according to data shared with CNN by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
That statistic is especially concerning to experts because studies have shown that the vaccines are much more effective against the Delta variant after the two-dose series is completed.
And the Delta variant is believed to be more transmissible and cause more severe disease than other strains.
Murthy said he is worried for those who are unvaccinated as the variant spreads.
In Los Angeles County, the impact is already clear. Nearly all of the Covid-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in Los Angeles County are occurring among people who are unvaccinated, county health officials said Thursday.
Out of nearly 437,000 positive coronavirus cases reported in L.A. County since December 2020, 99.6% of those were among individuals who were unvaccinated, health officials said in a press release.
“The virus is still with us,” Los Angeles County Public Health Director Barbara Ferrer said at a press conference. “Even now, we need to be careful to mask and maintain distance from people outside of our households, especially if they’re not yet vaccinated.”
END
Intro continued…
This article reinforces that it is important to be able to support your opinions, viewpoints and positions with research and then clearly communicate your findings. This can be accomplished by using literature to support your viewpoint. This will help you to challenge biases you may have as well as prove that your point is not just an opinion.  This assignment will help you to learn to PROVE your opinions (or change your mind) by using research and literature.
**This assignment is meant to show you how all other discussions should be constructed. From this assignment forward, you will be expected to have a source to support any health facts or conclusions.
Preparation
For this discussion, prepare first by reading the following document, watching the video and reading my post
WRITTEN: How to Support a Thesis Statement HED BROOKS
Actions
We are only going to do a short version of this handout.

SHORT VIDEO.  This this simple and silly video really does a good job of how to write a topic sentence and how to support it. Its 6 minutes but a good review!Link to Writing a Supporting Paragraph with a Topic Sentence (Links to an external site.)
EXAMPLE:  READ my post below!! Yours should resemble it. I am researching the claim that “recreational” or gateway drugs contribute to more drug use. Many think this is true, many think it is false. I am picking a side and using literature to support my argument:
My Post:
Gateway drugs contribute to more powerful drugs but other factors may be involved. Marijuana, a gateway recreational drug, is legal but can serve to sensitize the developing brain to dopamine receptors and cravings (Panlilio et al). Interestingly, research shows that early adolescent drug use contributes to increased later adolescent drug use but, in adulthood, the correlation can adjust. At that point, mental health issues cloud the relationship (Nkansah-Amankra). Research shows that gateway drugs do contribute to later drug use but it is only one factor  in the complex relationships in addiction.
1.Panlilio LV, Zanettini C, Barnes C, Solinas M, Goldberg SR. Prior exposure to THC increases the addictive effects of nicotine in rats. Neuropsychopharmacol Off Publ Am Coll Neuropsychopharmacol.
2.Nkansah-Amankra, Stephen, and Mark Minelli. “”Gateway hypothesis” and early drug use: Additional findings from tracking a population-based sample of adolescents to adulthood.” Preventive medicine reports vol. 4 134-41. 28 May. 2016,

Assignment Instructions
Summary: Write a paragraph using the prompts below.  It must have a topic sentence,  two (2) supporting facts with references and then one closing sentence. There should be 4-6 sentences total. More is not always better.

Steps:

Pick ONE of the following topics to write a sentence about. An opinion on one of these topics MUST be part of your first sentence. 

Do gateway drugs contribute to the use of more powerful drugs?
Do vaccines cause autism?
Is Covid really worse than the flu?
Are eggs bad for you?
Does the California “one year” rule not  allowing teens to drive with friends until they have their license for  one year have any benefit?
Does sugar cause hyperactivity in children?
Do masks really help stop the spread of disease?
D seatbelts really matter?

from the list of assessments select and take the following assessments:1. Are you a Team Player?2. What Team Roles do you Prefer?3. What is your Preferred Conflict Handling Style?A. Write a paper starting with an intro and then for part one, discuss your results in all three assessments.(RESULTS ARE ATTACHED)B. In part two, discuss how the results relate to each other and how they may impact your careerambitions. Provide your own personal examples.C.In part three, explore two areas for development and create a written action plan to improve in thoseareas.Wrap up your paper with a short conclusion.Organize your paper with proper APA headings.No abstract is necessary.Support your paper with 6-8 scholarly research sources.The paper should be between 1,500 and 1,700 words and written using APA format.UCW Master’s Level Grading Rubric For Assessment – General Rubric1-4 Scale1234Percentage Score0-5960-6768-7172-7576-7980-8485-8990-100GradesFCB-BB+A-AA+Mastery LevelWeightStudent ScoreBeginningDevelopingCompetentMasteryStandard LevelBelow StandardApproaching StandardAt StandardExceeds StandardSubject MatterAnswering questions and results of research50Key elements are not adequately covered. Content is not comprehensive, has inaccuracies and is not persuasive. Displays lack of understanding of relevant theory. Points not adequately supported by references. Research is lacking in content and qualityKey elements are mostly covered. Content is mostly accurate but lacks persuasiveness. Displays some understanding of relevant theory. Points mostly supported by references. Research is lacking in content and qualityKey elements are adequately covered. Content is accurate and persuasive. Displays adequate understanding of relevant theory. Points supported by references. Research is adequate in content and qualityKey elements are completely covered. Content is comprehensive, accurate and persuasive. Displays superior understanding of relevant theory. Points fully supported by specific references. Research is superior in content and qualityOrganization & Critical ThinkingDemonstration of thought processand analysis of problem and resolution using own thoughts and ideas20Introduction provides poor level of background of paperStructure of paper is not clear and is difficult to follow train of thought processConclusion does not follow logically from body of paperCritical Thinking is lacking: missing logicalargumentation & reasoning, concrete examples & valid inferencesIntroduction provides background of paper missing some key elementsStructure of paper is not clear and it is not easy to follow train of thought process Conclusion follows from body of paper but misses key pointsCritical Thinking is not fully present: missing key points of logicalargumentation & reasoning, concrete examples & valid inferencesIntroduction provides good level of background of paperStructure of paper is clear and train of thought process is understandable Conclusion mostly follows logically from body of paperCritical Thinking is present: logical argumentation & reasoning shows, reasonable examples & valid inferences are madeIntroduction provides superior level of background of paperStructure of paper is very clear and easy to follow train of thought process Conclusion follows logically from body of paperCritical Thinking is present through: logicalargumentation & reasoning, concrete examples & valid inferencesStyle & MechanicsAPAApplication of the requirements of the 7th APA manual to create a standardized formatted report107th Ed. APA Manual is not followed or there are significant errors in: title page & references pages. In-text citations, paraphrasing and direct quotes are quite inadequate but do not rise to the level of plagiarism7th Ed. APA Manual is followed with significant errors in: title page & references pages. In-text citations, paraphrasing and direct quotes are lacking but do not rise to the level of plagiarism7th Ed. APA Manual is followed with minor errors in:formatted title page, formatted references pages,in-text citations, paraphrasing and direct quotes are adequately used in the correct context7th Ed. APA Manual is followed with no errors including: properly formatted title page, properly formatted references pages, in-text citations are correctly used, paraphrasing and direct quotes are properly used in the correct contextGrammar/Punctuation/ SpellingUse of proper English language grammar, spelling and punctuation to create a readable paper.10Grammar and sentence structure has major problems following standard English rules and reads with difficulty with major errors in punctuation andspellingGrammar and sentence structure has problems following standard English rules and reads with some difficulty witherrors in punctuation andspellingGrammar and sentence structure mostly follows standard English rules and reads reasonably well with few errors in punctuation andspellingGrammar and sentence structure follows standard English rules and reads well with excellent punctuation andspellingReadability & StyleClarity of thought and appropriate level of language use that brings the author’s thoughts and ideas to the reader.10Sentences are lacking in completeness, clearness, conciseness and are not wellstructured. Transitions do not maintain flow of thought. Words are ambiguous. Tone is inappropriate to audience/assessm ent. Colloquial language or inappropriate use of paraphrasing is used.Sentences need to be more complete, clear, concise and well-constructed. Transitions do not maintain flow of thought well. Words are not precise and have some ambiguity. Tone is not appropriate to audience/assessm ent. Colloquial language or inappropriate use of paraphrasing is used too much.Sentences are mostly complete, clear, concise and well-constructed. Transitions mostly maintain flow of thought.Words are mostly precise with little ambiguity. Tone is mostly appropriate to audience/assessm ent. Colloquial language or inappropriate use of paraphrasing is used sparingly.Sentences are consistently complete, clear, concise and wellconstructed with strong, varied structure. Transitions consistently maintain flow of thought. Words are quite precise and unambiguous. Tone is completely appropriate to audience/assessm ent. No colloquial language or inappropriate use of paraphrasing used.

Signature Assignment: Quantitative Reasoning, Emphasized LevelIn this assignment, your quantitative reasoning skills will be assessed. The Quantitative Reasoning rubric will be useful for this purpose. In MGT511 quantitative reasoning skills were assessed at the “introduced” level. In HRM520 they were assessed at the “reinforced” level. Finally, in this course your skills will be assessed at the “emphasized” level.The math that we learned in high school and perhaps relearned in college has applications in nearly all fields including human resource management. In this case assignment we will look at something as simple as straight lines, as in linear equations.Straight lines play an important role in a wide variety of applications, in many fields including business.An equation with two variables is a linear equation. Many relationships are linear or almost linear, so that they can be approximated by linear equations.If you need a refresher on solving equations, watch the Khan Academy, level 2 video retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra-home/alg-basic-eq-ineq/alg-old-school-equations/v/algebra-linear-equations-2Example:The following linear equation is useful to make a future projection:In 1970, there were 37,000 shopping malls in the United States.Even with the growth of online shopping, in 2017 there were 116,000 shopping malls.If this growth continues, how many shopping malls will there be in 2030?Let’s use two variables:y = number of shopping centersx = number of years after 1970So, to put this in an equation:y = 116,000−37,000×1970−2017 +37,000 {“version”:”1.1″,”math”:”y = 116,000-37,000×1970-2017 +37,000 “}79,00047 = 1,681{“version”:”1.1″,”math”:”79,00047 = 1,681″}So, the linear equation is y = 1681x + 37,000Now, assuming that this equation remains valid in the future, we can predict how many shopping malls there will be in 2030:There are 60 years between 1970 and 2030.y = 1681(60) + 37,000y = 100,860 + 37,000 or 137,860 shopping malls in 2030.This example probably reminds you that there might be other factors going on that will not make this equation valid in the future. But, for our purposes, it shows if all things stay the same, we can make future predictions.There are many different examples of ways linear equations are used in real life—for example, distance traveled by a bus compared with distance traveled by a bicycle. Which one will get to work on time? Or, production rates—will employees who are slow producers make as many products over time as employees who are only speedy during the first part of the shift? This type of linear application can also be applied, of course, to pricing, dimensions, and mixing raw products. For example, if we have two semi-trucks of products moving toward each other at different speeds to reach the same point, which one will reach the dock sooner? Another example is estimating how much a box of 60 safety glasses on sale for $120 and marked down by 35 percent cost before the sale.Yet another example of a real-life linear equation is estimating the dimensions of office shelving whose width needs to be four times its height, given that the wood available for use is 72 feet. Or, estimating how much a company pays a vendor for raw material that was priced yesterday for $800, but today has been marked up 25 percent.Case AssignmentNow it is your turn. For the Module 4 Case Assignment, solve the following three problems, completing a, b, and c for each problem. In “b” for each, explain step by step how you arrived at the answer. And in “c” for each, conduct research to arrive at a strong (informative) paragraph, being sure to cite sources.Problem #1: According to the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, there were about 16.3 million union workers in 2000 and 14.7 million union workers in 2018.If the change in the number of union workers is considered to be linear, write an equation expressing the number y of union workers in terms of the number x of years since 2000.Assuming that the equation in part “a” remains accurate, use it to predict the number of union workers in 2050.Is the number that you came up with in 1b realistic? Why or why not? What can interfere with the future number of union workers that the equation does not account for?Problem #2: According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, in 1990, 529,000 people worked in the air transportation industry. In 2018, the number was 498,780.Find a linear equation giving the number of employees in the air transportation industry in terms of x, the number of years since 1990.Assuming the equation remains valid in the future, in what year will there be 400,000 employees in the air transportation industry?Is the number you came up with in 2b realistic? Why or why not? What can interfere with the future number of employees working in the air transportation industry that the equation does not account for?Problem #3: The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimated that in 1990, 1.1 million people worked in the truck transportation industry. In 2018, the number was 1.5 million.Find a linear equation giving the number of employees in the truck transportation industry in terms of x, the number of years since 1990.Assuming the equation remains valid in the future, in what year will there be 2.5 million employees in the truck transportation industry?Is the number you came up with in 3b realistic? Why or why not? What can interfere with the future number of employees working in the trucking industry that the equation does not account for?Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational employment statistics. Retrieved fromhttps://www.bls.gov/oes/current/naics4_484000.htm#00-0000.Assignment ExpectationsCritical Thinking: Expresses quantitative analysis of data to support the discussion showing what evidence is used and how it is contextualized.Interpretation: explains information presented in mathematical terms (e.g., equations, graphs, diagrams, tables, and/or words).Presentation: Able to convert relevant information into various mathematical terms (e.g., equations, graphs, diagrams, tables, and/or words).Conclusions: Draws appropriate conclusions based on the analysis of factual information/data.Timeliness: Submits assignment on time or with professor’s pre-approved assignment extension.

SENSEMAKING AND THE STRUCTURAL FRAMEAssignment OverviewIn the Module 1 Case, you will write Chapter 1 of your thesis-style paper – relating to the Structural Frame. Using specific examples of “structure” as defined by Bolman and Deal, you will use the Structural Frame as a lens through which you will analyze the effectiveness of the Walt Disney Company.Begin the Module 1 Case by visiting the Walt Disney Company website:The Walt Disney Company. (2014). Retrieved on May 8, 2014 from http://thewaltdisneycompany.com/ Additional Case-related resources The following resources should be helpful to you in your analysis of the Case. Chapter 6 of Bryman’s book relates (somewhat ominously) to “control and surveillance” activities at Disney: Bryman, A. (2004). The Disneyization of society. London: Sage Publications. Retrieved from Ebrary. Structure implies logistics. Certainly, the artful and skillful deployment of technology will often create useful intelligence – even competitive advantage. And so…is Mickey watching? Read “Big Mickey is Watching”: Palmeri, C., & Faries, B. (2014). Big Mickey is watching. Bloomberg Businessweek, (4370), 22-23. Retrieved from EBSCO – Business Source Complete. Case AssignmentAfter you have reviewed the contents of the Walt Disney Company website, completed the readings provided at the Background page of Module 1, and performed additional research from the library and the internet, write a 6-7 page paper in which you do the following: Using the following assumptions of the Structural Frame, complete an in-depth assessment of the Walt Disney Company:Organizations exist to achieve established goals and objectives.Organizations increase efficiency and enhance performance through specialization and a clear division of labor.Appropriate forms of coordination and control ensure that diverse efforts of individuals and units mesh.Organizations work best when rationality prevails over personal preferences and extraneous pressures.Structures must be designed to fit an organization’s circumstances (including its goals, technology, workforce, and environment).Problems and performance gaps arise from structural deficiencies and can be remedied through analysis and restructuring.Keys to the AssignmentThe key aspects of this assignment that are to be covered in your 6-7 page paper include the following:Describe the organizational design used by the Walt Disney Company. Is Disney’s structure more or less effective as it relates to the company’s ability to accomplish its stated purpose (vision, mission)? Explain.Using Bolman and Deal’s Structural Frame, analyze two or three structural characteristics of the Walt Disney Company. Because you cannot cover all structural characteristics in a short paper, you will need to be selective; therefore, choose two or three characteristics that are of particular interest to you. These might include the Walt Disney Company’s strategic plans, more specific goals and objectives, or the company’s policies and procedures. Alternatively, you might select technology or some component of Disney’s external environment (e.g., competition, legal, political, or social environments).For each structural characteristic that you have included in your Case, discuss the extent to which that structural characteristic has been effective or ineffective relative to assisting Disney attain its stated purpose. Defend your answer in the context of the six (6) assumptions given above (how well do the structural characteristics you’ve identified above ascribe to these assumptions, if at all?).Having had applied the Structural Frame to the Walt Disney Company, is there anything that you would you do differently? Conclude Chapter 1 of your paper by giving recommendations as to what Disney should do differently, and explain why.The background readings will not give you all the answers to the Case. Therefore, you will need to perform some research in the library, and use a minimum of 3-4 scholarly sources from the library to support and justify your understanding of the case.Your paper must demonstrate evidence of critical thinking (if you need tips on critical thinking, http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/college-and-university-students/799 is an excellent resource). Don’t simply restate facts – instead, be sure to interpret the facts you have accumulated from your research.Remember that the Module 1 Case will serve as Chapter 1 of your session-long thesis-style paper.Assignment ExpectationsYour paper will be evaluated using the following five (5) criteria:Assignment-Driven Criteria: Does the paper fully address all Keys to the Assignment? Are the concepts behind the Keys to the Assignment addressed accurately and precisely using sound logic? Does the paper meet minimum length requirements?Critical thinking: Does the paper demonstrate graduate-level analysis, in which information derived from multiple sources, expert opinions, and assumptions has been critically evaluated and synthesized in the formulation of a logical set of conclusions? Does the paper address the topic with sufficient depth of discussion and analysis?Business Writing: Is the paper well-written (clear, developed logically, and well-organized)? Are the grammar, spelling, and vocabulary appropriate for graduate-level work? Are section headings included in all papers? Are paraphrasing and synthesis of concepts the primary means of responding to the Keys to the Assignment, or is justification/support instead conveyed through excessive use of direct quotations?Effective Use of Information (Information Literacy): Does the paper demonstrate effective research, as evidenced by student’s use of relevant and quality sources? Do additional sources used in paper provide strong support for conclusions drawn, and do they help in shaping the overall paper?Citing Sources: Does the student demonstrate understanding of APA Style of referencing, by inclusion of proper end references and in-text citations (for paraphrased text and direct quotations) as appropriate? Have all sources (e.g., references used from the Background page, the assignment readings, and outside research) been included, and are these properly cited? Have all end references been included within the body of the paper as in-text citations?